Izinhlobo Zokuphula Isifunda kanye Nomhlahlandlela Wokukhetha

Emikhakheni yobunjiniyela kagesi kanye nokuphepha, igama elithi “circuit breaker” libaluleke kakhulu. I-circuit breaker iyiswishi kagesi ezenzakalelayo eyenzelwe ukuvikela amasekethe emonakalweni obangelwa ukugcwala ngokweqile noma amasekethe amafushane. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukuphazamisa ugesi lapho kutholakala iphutha, ngaleyo ndlela kuvinjelwe izingozi ezingaba khona njengemililo kagesi noma umonakalo wemishini. Lesi sihloko sizohlola izici ezahlukahlukene zamasekethe, okuhlanganisa izinhlobo zawo, izimiso zokusebenza, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwawo.

Izinhlobo zeAma-circuit Breaker

Ama-circuit breaker eza ngezinhlobo eziningi, ngayinye yenzelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile kanye nezindawo ezithile. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zifaka:

1. Ama-Miniature Circuit Breaker (ama-MCB):Lawa ma-circuit breaker asetshenziswa ezakhiweni zokuhlala nezebhizinisi ukuvimbela ukugcwala ngokweqile kanye nama-short circuits. I-MCB izokhubeka ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho amandla kagesi edlula inani elibekiwe kusengaphambili.
2. I-Residual Current Breaker (RCCB):Eyaziwa nangokuthi idivayisi yamanje eseleyo (i-RCD), lolu hlobo lwe-circuit breaker luvimbela ukushaqeka kukagesi ngokuthola ukungalingani kwamanje. Uma kutholakala iphutha, i-RCCB izonqamula isekethe, ngaleyo ndlela inikeze ukuphepha okubalulekile.
3. Ama-Molded Case Circuit Breaker (ama-MCCB): Lawa ma-circuit breaker avame ukusetshenziswa ezisetshenziswa ezimbonini futhi angamelana nemisinga ephezulu. Ama-MCCB ahlinzeka ngokuvikelwa kokugcwala ngokweqile, i-short-circuit, kanye namaphutha omhlaba, okwenza afaneleke ezinhlelweni eziningi zikagesi.
4. Ama-Air Circuit Breaker (ama-ACB): Ama-air circuit breaker avame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ze-high voltage futhi asebenza ngokusebenzisa umoya njengendawo yokucisha i-arc. Afanele ukufakwa kukagesi okukhulu futhi angamelana nemithwalo yamandla aphezulu.
5. I-Hydraulic-Magnetic Circuit Breaker: Lolu hlobo lwe-circuit breaker luhlanganisa izindlela ze-hydraulic kanye ne-magnetic ukuze lunqamule i-circuits. Ngenxa yokuthembeka nokuqina kwalo, luvame ukusetshenziswa embonini yasolwandle kanye nezindiza.

Indlela esebenza ngayo

Isimiso sokusebenza se-circuit breaker silula kakhulu. Uma ugesi ogeleza nge-circuit udlula umthamo olinganisiwe we-circuit breaker, i-circuit breaker izobona lokhu kuphazamiseka. Ngemva kwalokho, i-circuit breaker izosebenzisa indlela yayo yokukhubeka, inqamule i-circuit futhi iphazamise ugesi. Kuye ngohlobo lwe-circuit breaker, lesi senzo singabangelwa izindlela zokushisa, ze-magnetic, noma ze-elekthronikhi.

Isibonelo, ku-miniature circuit breaker (MCB), i-bimetallic strip ingashisa kakhulu futhi igobe ngenxa yamandla kagesi amaningi, ekugcineni ibangele ukuthi iswishi ikhubeke. Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-residual current operated circuit breaker (RCCB) ithembele ekutholeni amaphutha omhlaba ukuze inqume isimo sephutha. Ama-RCCB angakhubeka ngaphakathi kwama-millisecond, okunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokushaqeka kukagesi.

Ukusetshenziswa kwama-circuit breaker

Ama-circuit breaker ayingxenye ebalulekile yezinhlelo zikagesi zesimanje futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eyahlukahlukene. Ezindaweni zokuhlala, ama-circuit breaker avikela amakhaya ezingozini zikagesi futhi aqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezakhamuzi. Ezakhiweni zebhizinisi, ama-circuit breaker aphatha imithwalo kagesi, avimbele ukucima kukagesi, ngaleyo ndlela athuthukise ukusebenza kahle.

Ezindaweni zezimboni, ama-circuit breaker avikela imishini yemishini emonakalweni obangelwa amaphutha kagesi. Abalulekile futhi ezinhlelweni zamandla avuselelekayo njengamaphaneli elanga nama-wind turbine, avimbela ukuguquguquka kokukhiqizwa kukagesi.

Iyini i-circuit breaker?

I-circuit breaker iyithuluzi lokuphepha likagesi elenzelwe ukuvikela isekethe kagesi emonakalweni obangelwa ugesi ongaphezu kwalokho umshini ongakuthwala ngokuphephile (ugesi ongaphezu kwamandla). Umsebenzi walo oyisisekelo ukuphazamisa ukuhamba kogesi ukuvikela imishini nokuvimbela umlilo.

Kafushane

Ngamafuphi, ama-circuit breaker ayisici esibalulekile sezinhlelo zikagesi, aqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuvimbela amaphutha kagesi. Kulabo abasebenza kwezobunjiniyela noma ukuphepha kukagesi, ukuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-circuit breaker, izimiso zawo zokusebenza, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwawo kubalulekile. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokwanda kokufakwa kukagesi, ama-circuit breaker ngokungangabazeki azodlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthembeka nokuphepha kwezinhlelo zikagesi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusezindaweni zokuhlala, zezentengiselwano, noma zezimboni, ukubaluleka kwama-circuit breaker akunakunganakwa, okwenza kube yingxenye eyisisekelo yengqalasizinda kagesi yesimanje.