Ukubonisa Ukuthi Ama-Switching Power Supplies Ayimfihlakalo: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wokusebenza Kwawo Nokubaluleka Kwawo wethula:

Isihloko: Ukuveza imfihlakaloUkushintsha Amandla: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Womsebenzi Wabo Nokubaluleka Kwabo

ukwethula:

Esimweni sobuchwepheshe esishintsha ngokushesha namuhla,izinsiza zikagesi zokushintshasezibe yingxenye ebalulekile, zidlala indima ebalulekile kumadivayisi ahlukahlukene esiwasebenzisa nsuku zonke. Kusukela kumashaja e-laptop kuya kumayunithi okunikeza ugesi wezinto zasekhaya, la madivayisi ashintshe indlela amandla aguqulwa futhi aphathwa ngayo. Kulesi siqondisi esiphelele, sihlola umhlaba weizinsiza zikagesi zokushintsha, echaza umsebenzi wazo, izinzuzo kanye nokubaluleka kwazo kuma-elekthronikhi anamuhla.

Okokuqala, qondaukunikezwa kwamandla okushintsha:

A ukunikezwa kwamandla okushintsha, eyaziwa nangokuthiukunikezwa kwamandla emodi yokushintsha(I-SMPS), iyisekethe kagesi eyenzelwe ukuguqula amandla kagesi ngendlela ephumelelayo kusuka kwesinye isimo kuya kwesinye. Ngokungafani nezinsiza zamandla eziqondile, izinsiza zamandla ezishintshayo zisebenzisa izinto zokushintsha kanye nesitoreji samandla ukwenza ukuguqulwa, okwenza kube nokusebenza kahle kakhulu futhi kube kuncane ngobukhulu.

2. Izingxenye kanye nemisebenzi:

A ukunikezwa kwamandla okushintshaiqukethe izingxenye eziningana ezibalulekile, ngayinye edlala indima ehlukile enqubweni yokuguqulwa iyonke. Lezi zingxenye zifaka:

1. Isigaba sokufaka: Isigaba sokufaka se-ukunikezwa kwamandla okushintshakuhilelaIsiguquli se-AC-DC, eguqula i-alternating current (AC) kusuka ku-power supply eyinhloko ibe yi-direct current (DC). Le nqubo yokulungisa ibalulekile ekuhlinzekeni ngokufakwa kwamandla okuzinzile ezigabeni ezilandelayo.

2. Iswishi yamandla: inhliziyo yeukunikezwa kwamandla okushintsha, iswishi yamandla ilawula ugesi ogeleza ngesekethe ukuze kufezwe ukuguqulwa kwamandla okuphumelelayo. Izinhlobo ezivamile zamaswishi kagesi zifaka phakathi ama-MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors) kanye nama-IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors).

3. Izingxenye zokugcina amandla:ukunikezwa kwamandla okushintshaiqukethe izingxenye zokugcina amandla njenge-capacitors kanye ne-inductors, ezisetshenziselwa ukugcina nokukhulula amandla ngesikhathi senqubo yokuguqula. Lezi zingxenye zilungisa noma yikuphi ukuguquguquka futhi zisize ekugcineni ukunikezwa kwamandla okuzinzile.

4. Isigaba Sokukhipha: Isigaba sokukhipha sinesibopho sokuletha amandla aguquliwe emthwalweni ngendlela ezinzile nelawulwayo. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa izingxenye ezahlukahlukene ezifana nama-transformer, abalawuli kanye nezihlungi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umphumela uhlangabezana nezimfuneko ezidingekayo.

3. Izinzuzo zokushintsha ugesi:

Ukushintsha izinsiza zikagesiinikeza izinzuzo eziningana ngaphezu kwamandla kagesi ajwayelekile aqondile awenza abe ukukhetha kokuqala kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene. Lezi zinzuzo zifaka:

1. Ukusebenza Kahle Kakhulu: Ngenxa yezici zazo zokushintsha, lezi zinto ezisetshenziswayo zingafinyelela amazinga okusebenza kahle angama-80% kuya ku-90%, zinciphise ukumoshwa kwamandla futhi zinciphise izindleko zokusebenza.

2. Usayizi omncane kanye nesisindo esilula:Ukushintsha izinsiza zikagesizincane futhi zilula kunezisetshenziswa zamandla eziqondile, okwenza zilungele imishini ephathekayo kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezincishisiwe isikhala.

3. Ukuguquguquka: Lezi zinto zikagesi zingaphatha ububanzi bama-voltage okufaka futhi ngokuvamile zibekezelela kakhulu ukuguquguquka, okuqinisekisa ukuzinza ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo zokunikezwa kwamandla aguqukayo.

4. Ukwehla kokukhiqizwa kokushisa: Uma kuqhathaniswa nokunikezwa kwamandla okuqondile, ukusebenza kokushintsha kwalawa kunikezwa kwamandla kukhiqiza ukushisa okuncane, okuthuthukisa ukuthembeka futhi kwandise impilo yesevisi yemishini.

Isine. Ukusetshenziswa kanye nencazelo:

Ukushintsha izinsiza zikagesizisetshenziswa cishe kuzo zonke izici zokuphila kwethu kwanamuhla. Ezinye zezindawo ezivelele lapho lezi zinto zikagesi zibalulekile khona zifaka:

1. Ama-Consumer Electronics: Amadivayisi anjenge-smartphone, ama-laptop, ama-TV, ama-game consoles, kanye nezinhlelo zomsindo konke kuncike ekushintsheni amandla kagesi ukuze kuguqulwe futhi kuphathwe kahle amandla.

2. Ukuzenzakalela kwezimboni:Ukushintsha izinsiza zikagesizisetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni zokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela kwezimboni, amaphaneli okulawula, imishini, amarobhothi kanye neminye imishini ukuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwamandla okuthembekile nokuphepha.

3. Ezokuxhumana: Kusukela eziteshini eziyisisekelo kuya emishinini yenethiwekhi, ukushintshanisa izinsiza zikagesi kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlinzekeni amandla angaphazanyiswa engqalasizinda yezokuxhumana.

4. Izinhlelo zamandla avuselelekayo:Ukushintsha izinsiza zikagesiingahlanganisa ngempumelelo imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo njengamaphaneli elanga nama-wind turbine kugridi, ngaleyo ndlela ikhuthaze ukukhiqizwa kwamandla okusimeme.

Ekuphetheni:

Ukushintsha izinsiza zikagesiziye zashintsha indlela esisebenzisa futhi sisabalalisa ngayo amandla kagesi, zinikeza izixazululo zokuguqula amandla ezisebenzayo nezithembekile zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene. Lo mhlahlandlela unikeza ukubuka okuphelele imisebenzi yazo, izinzuzo kanye nokubaluleka kwazo kuma-elekthronikhi anamuhla. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokukhula, ukushintshana kwamandla kuzodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekwenzeni amadivayisi amasha kanye nekusasa elizinzile.